Information about CDCs ongoing study of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination can be found here: Investigating Long-Term Effects of Myocarditis | CDC. Its clear that vaccination can protect you from myocarditis by protecting you from COVID-19 infection. Canadian public health authorities also found that the rate of myocarditis was higher for both Moderna. * This analysis evaluated direct benefits and harms, per million second doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine given in each age group, over 120 days. Department of Health and Human Services. Many people have no side effects at all. Cardiac Complications After SARS-CoV-2 Infection and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination PCORnet, United States, January 2021-January 2022. Regarding health equity considerations, racial and ethnic minority groups have higher rates of COVID-19 and severe disease*****; potential changes in vaccine policy, or anything that would affect vaccination coverage for adolescents or young adults, might disproportionately affect those groups with the highest rates of poor COVID-19 outcomes. Dr Edwards reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health; receiving personal fees from BioNet, IBM, X-4 Pharma, Seqirus, Roche, Pfizer, Merck, Moderna, and Sanofi; and receiving compensation for being the associate editor of Clinical Infectious Diseases. %PDF-1.7 Among recipients of either vaccine, there were only 13 reports or less of myocarditis beyond 10 days for any individual time from vaccination to symptom onset. Moderna - 19 case of myocarditis and 19 cases of pericarditis out of 20 million doses given Five people died. The researchers noted 9.7 myocarditis cases per 100,000 person-years for unvaccinated males and 4.3 per 100,000 for females. No other disclosures were reported. Viruses. The benefits (prevention of COVID-19 disease and associated hospitalizations, ICU admissions, and deaths) outweighed the risks (expected myocarditis cases after vaccination) in all populations for which vaccination has been recommended. JEROME FLEG, M.D. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. After reports of myocarditis and pericarditis in mRNA vaccine recipients, which predominantly occurred in young males after the second dose, an ACIP meeting was rapidly convened to review reported cases of myocarditis and pericarditis and discuss the benefits and risks of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in the United States. Suggested citation for this article: Gargano JW, Wallace M, Hadler SC, et al. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. This conversion might result in character translation or format errors in the HTML version. The EUA has been modified to include information on myocarditis after receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. At the time of this report, 323 of these 484 cases were determined to meet criteria in CDCs case definitions for myocarditis, pericarditis, or myopericarditis by provider interview or medical record review (Table 1). Cordero, A., Cazorla, D., Escribano, D., Quintanilla, M. A., Lpez-Ayala, J. M., Berbel, P. P., & Bertomeu-Gonzlez, V. (2022). An analysis of 51 patients with possible or confirmed myocarditis showed that 70% were male, and the average age was 56. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Those who have been diagnosed with myocarditis should consult with their cardiologist (heart doctor) about return to exercise or sports. Annie, F. H., Alkhaimy, H., Nanjundappa, A., & Elashery, A. Among all participants aged 16 to 24, myocarditis rates were 18.8 and 4.4 per 100,000 person-years for males and females, respectively. You can learn more about myocarditis symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment from the NHLBI. Moderna said the majority of the infections were mild. Reports of myocarditis and pericarditis after vaccination are rare. Getting vaccinated to prevent severe COVID-19 cuts your risk of myocarditis. CDC also encourages reporting of any additional clinically significant adverse event, even if it is not clear whether a vaccination caused the event. The 120-day period was selected because 1) no alternative vaccine options currently exist for persons aged <18 years or are expected to be available during this period, and 2) inputs regarding community transmission have high uncertainty beyond this period, particularly in the context of circulating variants.. Page last updated: Data from a government agency's safety monitoring system in that month suggested a rate of 12.6 cases of heart inflammation per million in 12-to 39-year-olds. myocarditis and pericarditis and the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, made by Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech, in some vaccine recipients. The CONNECTS-Collaborative Cohort of Cohorts for COVID-19 Research (CONNECTS-C4R) trial is enrolling 50,000 people to determine factors that may predict disease severity and long-term side effects of COVID-19. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. *** <> Vaccination with mRNA-1273 (Moderna) was associated with a significantly increased rate of myocarditis or myopericarditis, especially among individuals aged 12-39 years (adjusted hazard ratio 5.24 (95% confidence interval 2.47 to 11.12); absolute rate 5.7 (3.3 to 9.3) per 100 000 individuals aged 12-39 years within 28 days of vaccination) The rates of myocarditis were highest after the second vaccination dose in adolescent males aged 12 to 15 years (70.7 per million doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine), in adolescent males aged 16 to 17 years (105.9 per million doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine), and in young men aged 18 to 24 years (52.4 and 56.3 per million doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine and the mRNA-1273 vaccine, respectively). Myocarditis was reported at a higher rate than expected among some people who received the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, according to a July 2021 study. Vaccination prevents most hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19. Potential cases of postvaccine myocarditis were identified based on reports . https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/COVIDNet/COVID19_3.html. Severe problems linked with myocarditis include chest pain, arrhythmias, trouble breathing, ankle or leg swelling, and fainting. US researchers say teenagers are more likely to get vaccine-related myocarditis than end up in hospital with Covid Skip to main content Skip to navigation Print subscriptions Some groups have a higher risk of developing myocarditis from COVID-19. 2023 Feb 1;6(2):e2253845. As of now, the FDA Fact Sheet for Moderna's shot says "Myocarditis and pericarditis have occurred . Its also possible that myocarditis linked with vaccination is less serious because of the younger average age and healthier status of people getting vaccinated. 2022 May 24;327(20):2019-2020. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.5131. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2021-069445. "If you're focused on heart inflammation, the safer bet is to take the vaccine," said Mendel Singer at Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, who helped carry out the study. According to the CDC, as of June 23, 2021, more than 177 million people had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine in the U.S. Cases of myocarditis and pericarditis, although rare, have occurred more often in younger men (adolescents or young adults) and after the second dose, typically within a few days after . Chavda VP, Bezbaruah R, Valu D, Patel B, Kumar A, Prasad S, Kakoti BB, Kaushik A, Jesawadawala M. Vaccines (Basel). Would you like email updates of new search results? Use of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine After Reports of Myocarditis Among Vaccine Recipients: Update from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices United States, June 2021. ". Expected vs. 2022 Jun 1;5(6):e2218505. In addition, CDC has developed a voluntary smartphone-based online tool (v-safe) that uses text messaging and online surveys to provide near real-time health check-ins after receipt of a COVID-19 vaccine. Yes. ** https://www.cdc.gov/mis/hcp/index.html, https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000239?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed#d3e785external icon. ** The ACIP COVID-19 Vaccines Safety Technical (VaST) Work Group, comprising independent vaccine safety expert consultants, had also reviewed safety data on myocarditis after receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines at its weekly meetings. The data that the agencies are reviewing were provided by the Canadian government. government site. People who experience a serious side effect of a vaccine or other medical products for COVID-19 may be eligible for compensation under the federal Countermeasures Injury Compensation Program. January 07, 2022 The risk of myocarditis after immunization with mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 raised concerns when it came to light in early 2021. Most of the cases have been reported after receiving a Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna . A histopathologic definition and classification. Views equals page views plus PDF downloads. Follow-up is ongoing to identify and understand longer-term outcomes after myocarditis occurring after COVID-19 vaccination. COVID-19 vaccines lower the risk of life-threatening heart problems and other serious health issues. The clinical presentation and severity of myocarditis vary among patients. The FDA - which generally follows the recommendations of its advisers but is not obligated to do so - is likely to authorize the Moderna vaccine for ages 6-17 soon. Overall, the investigators found 2.13 myocarditis cases per 100,000 peopleagain, about a 0.002% incidencewith the highest incidence in men 16 to 29 years old, where it was 10.69 cases per 100,000 people, or a 0.011% incidence (95% CIs, 1.56 to 2.70 and 6.93 to 14.46, respectively). <> Data were used for the most recent week not subject to reporting delays prior to the ACIP meeting. Health and Human Services. That means the vaccines protect heart health. Most people (95%) who develop myocarditis after receiving a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine have only mild symptoms that go away within a few days.5 Vaccine-linked myocarditis is less likely to cause lingering heart problems than myocarditis due to COVID-19 illness. (2022). The median age of the 323 patients meeting CDCs case definitions was 19 years (range=1229 years); 291 were male, and 32 were female. Myopericarditis after vaccination, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 1990-2018. The most common treatment was nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (589/676; 87%). In December 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 (BNT162b2) vaccine and the Moderna COVID-19 (mRNA-1273) vaccine, and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued interim recommendations for their use in persons aged 16 years and 18 years, respectively. In May 2021, FDA expanded the EUA for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine to include adolescents aged 1215 years; ACIP recommends that all persons aged 12 years receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Chary M, Barbuto AF, Izadmehr S, Tarsillo M, Fleischer E, Burns MM. 2023 Feb 13;11(2):432. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020432. Incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children among US persons infected with SARS-CoV-2. For children ages 6 months to 2 years, efficacy was 43.7 percent, and in children ages 2 to 6, it was only 37.5 percent. According to an analysis presented by a C.D.C. Side effects of COVID-19 vaccination are generally mild discomfort at the injection site, fatigue, and muscle aches and go away in a few days. 2022 Jul 13;378:e069445. Abara WE, Gee J, Marquez P, Woo J, Myers TR, DeSantis A, Baumblatt JAG, Woo EJ, Thompson D, Nair N, Su JR, Shimabukuro TT, Shay DK. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. More information is available, Recommendations for Fully Vaccinated People, Investigating Long-Term Effects of Myocarditis | CDC, Clinical Considerations: Myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Possibility of COVID-19 Illness after Vaccination, Investigating Long-Term Effects of Myocarditis, How and Why CDC Measures Vaccine Effectiveness, Monitoring COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalizations, and Deaths by Vaccination Status, Monitoring COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, In both cases, the bodys immune system causes inflammation in response to an infection or some other trigger. CDC is not responsible for the content Overall myocarditis rates among males in this age group were 2.97 per 100,000, which rose to 2.27 per 100,000 after the second dose. Pillay J, Gaudet L, Wingert A, Bialy L, Mackie AS, Paterson DI, Hartling L. BMJ. Viral infections, including COVID-19, are most often the cause,2 but other diseases, as well as some drugs and toxins, can also cause myocarditis. The work group also reviewed a benefit-risk assessment of myocarditis events after receipt of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, considering recent epidemiology of COVID-19 and sequelae of COVID-19, including myocarditis and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). In those aged under 18 years, the reported rate for heart inflammation (myocarditis and pericarditis) was 13 per million first doses and 8 per million second doses of the monovalent. Key Points There have been more than 1,200 reported cases of a myocarditis or pericarditis mostly in people 30 and under who received Pfizer's or Moderna's Covid-19 vaccine, according to CDC. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Approximately 96% of persons (784/813) were hospitalized and 87% (577/661) of these had resolution of presenting symptoms by hospital discharge. While the researchers did observe a higher risk among people that got the Moderna shot, it was still a relatively small risk. Paul Burton, M.D., Ph.D., shared that data has found that there have been 13.3 cases of myocarditis per 100,000 people who received the Moderna vaccine compared to 2.7 cases per 100,000 people. A, For the BNT162b2 vaccine, there were 138 reported cases of myocarditis with known date for symptom onset and dose after 114246837 first vaccination doses and 888 reported cases after 95532396 second vaccination doses. Myocarditis Occurs Earlier, Pericarditis Later Several reports to date have shown a higher-than-expected rate of myocarditis or pericarditis following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, particularly with the mRNA-based vaccines from Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna. Myocarditis reporting rates were 40.6 cases per million second doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines administered to males aged 1229 years and 2.4 per million second doses administered to males aged 30 years; reporting rates among females in these age groups were 4.2 and 1.0 per million second doses, respectively. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. Hereafter, myocarditis is used to refer to myocarditis, pericarditis, or myopericarditis. 2023 Feb 5;11(2):362. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11020362. Users are referred to the electronic PDF version (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr) Kyt V, Sipil J, Rautava P. The effects of gender and age on occurrence of clinically suspected myocarditis in adulthood. Myocarditis typically causes shortness of breath and chest pain. In a comprehensive analysis of 1,626 myocarditis cases in the U.S. VAERS, Oster, et al., concluded the highest rates of VAM are concentrated in young males, as follows: 6 70.6 per million in males 12-15 years 105.9 per million in males 16-17 years 52.4 per million for Pfizer-BioNTech and 56.3 million for Moderna per million in males 18-24 years. B, For the mRNA-1273 vaccine, there were 116 reported cases of myocarditis with known date for symptom onset and dose after 78158611 first vaccination doses and 311 reported cases after 66163001 second vaccination doses. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the FLEG: Myocarditis is an uncommon complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among persons with reported myocarditis after mRNA vaccination, the median age was 26 years (range=1294 years), with median symptom onset interval of 3 days after vaccination (range=0179). There might be a 2.5 times higher . FDA has added information to the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccine EUA and fact sheets regarding myocarditis cases that have been reported among vaccine recipients. provided as a service to MMWR readers and do not constitute or imply FLEG: The NHLBI has a strong history of conducting and funding research on myocarditis. The walls of the heart become inflamed, which weakens the hearts pumping action and can cause irregular heart rhythms, heart failure, and other complications. 2023 Feb 11;15(2):508. doi: 10.3390/v15020508. The risks and outcomes of myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination are unclear. It is unclear how many of these cases are a direct consequence of the vaccine versus coincidental. The F.D.A. and/or the original MMWR paper copy for printable versions of official text, figures, and tables. Reported cases of the rare heart . 2 0 obj However, the balance of benefits and risks varied by age and sex because cases of myocarditis were primarily identified among males aged <30 years, and the risks of poor outcomes related to COVID-19 increase with age. This term may be used for patients who meet criteria for both myocarditis and pericarditis. Moderna defended the use of its Covid vaccine, saying the protection it offers against severe disease, hospitalization and death outweighs the risk of myocarditis. The vaccine product-specific EUA fact sheet should be provided to all vaccine recipients and their caregivers before vaccination with any authorized COVID-19 vaccine. Patel, T., Kelleman, West, Z., M., Peter, A., Dove, M., Butto, A., & Oster, M. E. (2021). Males under age 40 who received the Moderna vaccine were shown to have the highest rates of myocarditis, and the researchers said the study's findings support the idea of recommending. Id really like everyone to understand that the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccines strongly outweigh the very small risk of serious side effects. Baggs J, Gee J, Lewis E, et al. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Can COVID-19 Vaccines Induce Premature Non-Communicable Diseases: Where Are We Heading to. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. The risk of myocarditis linked with COVID-19 illness is several times greater than the risk from vaccination, and it is often more serious.3,5,8 This is because the SARS-CoV-2 virus invades cells of the heart, plus the body generates an overactive immune response to the infection. Preliminary evidence on long COVID in children. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/fully-vaccinated-people.html, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions, ***** https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#demographics, https://www.fda.gov/media/144413/downloadexternal icon, https://www.fda.gov/media/144637/downloadexternal icon, https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/pfizer/index.html, ****** https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/moderna/index.html, https://vaers.hhs.gov/faq.htmlexternal icon. Vaccination against COVID-19 provides clear public health benefits, but vaccination also carries potential risks. Am J Cardiol 2021;149:95102. ACIP emphasized the importance of informing vaccination providers and the public about the benefits and the risks, including the risk for myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination, particularly for males aged 1229 years. Acute clinical courses were generally mild; among 304 hospitalized patients with known clinical outcomes, 95% had been discharged at time of review, and none had died. Among males aged 30 years, 15,300 COVID-19 cases, 4,598 hospitalizations, 1,242 ICU admissions, and 700 deaths could be prevented, compared with three to four expected myocarditis cases after COVID-19 vaccination. Six awards are related to COVID-19related myocarditis. Coronavirus-induced myocarditis: A meta-summary of cases. ACIP also reviewed population-level considerations regarding vaccination. Law, Y. M., Lal, A. K., Chen, S., ihkov, D., Cooper, L. T., Jr, Deshpande, S., Godown, J., Grosse-Wortmann, L., Robinson, J. D., Towbin, J. Gurdasani, D., Bhatt, S., Costello, A., Denaxas, S., Flaxman, S., Greenhalgh, T., Griffin, S., Hyde, Z., Katzourakis, A., McKee, M., Michie, S., Ratmann, O., Reicher, S., Scally, G., Tomlinson, C., Yates, C., Ziauddeen, H., & Pagel, C. (2021). National Library of Medicine On June 23, 2021, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices concluded that the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination to individual persons and at the population level clearly outweighed the risks of myocarditis after vaccination. Acta Paediatr 2021;110:220811. CDC has provided guidance regarding evaluation and management of myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/clinical-considerations/myocarditis.html), as well as considerations for a second vaccine dose in persons who develop myocarditis after a first dose (https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/info-by-product/clinical-considerations.html). FOIA DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7027e2external icon. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. The vaccines are very effective against severe COVID-19 and protect your heart from the serious health consequences of the disease. scientist on Monday, every million doses of the Pfizer vaccine administered to 16- and 17-year-old boys would be expected to cause 73 cases of the . The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. In cases of v-safe reports that include possible medically attended health events, CDCs v-safe call center follows up with the vaccine recipient to collect additional information for completion of a VAERS report. From the 1.8 million Moderna doses administered in Australia to 2 January 2022, there have been 40 reports of likely myocarditis and 52 reports of likely pericarditis [3]. of pages found at these sites. *** The highest reporting rates were among males aged 1217 years and those aged 1824 years (62.8 and 50.5 reported myocarditis cases per million second doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine administered, respectively). 23) cases per 100 000 person-days for the Pfizer-BioNTech JAMA. endobj If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. FLEG: Yes, but this is rare, and the symptoms are usually mild. COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Technical Work Group Reports are available at https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/work-groups-vast/index.html. "In general, the rate of myocarditis or myopericarditis was about threefold to fourfold higher for mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccination than that for BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccination," the study said. (Pfizer) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) mRNA vaccine between December 14, 2020, and July 20, 2021. But as report after report showed such. Of the nearly 21 million women, 7.2 million (34%) were younger than age 40, and a slightly increased risk of myocarditis was found among this younger age group after receiving a second dose of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine: 7 estimated extra cases of myocarditis for every one million women vaccinated. These cookies perform functions like remembering presentation options or choices and, in some cases, delivery of web content that based on self-identified area of interests. The Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative is taking place at 80 centers across the country. When reported, the cases have especially been in adolescents and young adult males within several days after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna). When reported, the cases have especially been in adolescents and young adult males within several days after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna). Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. There were 13.3 cases of myocarditis per 100,000 in people 12 to 29 years old who got Moderna's vaccine compared to 2.7 cases per 100,000 people in that age group that got the Pfizer vaccine. Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccine Platform for COVID-19: Current Status. 5 Vaccine-linked myocarditis is less likely to cause lingering heart problems than myocarditis due to COVID-19 illness. Presence of 2 new or worsening of the following clinical features: new ST-elevation or PR-depression on EKG, new or worsening pericardial effusion on echocardiogram or MRI. The risk after both doses of the Moderna vaccine in people age 18 to 39 was as much as 37 times as high as in the general population, and the rate after two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. From an analysis done on just 26 medical chart-confirmed cases of myocarditis in people ages 12 to 39, the CDC scientists estimated a rate of 12.6 cases per million second doses. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Members of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices COVID-19 Vaccines Work Group: Edward Belongia, Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute; Dayna Bowen Matthew, George Washington University Law School; Oliver Brooks, National Medical Association; Jillian Doss-Walker, Indian Health Service; Marci Drees, Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; Jeffrey Duchin, Infectious Diseases Society of America; Kathy Kinlaw, Center for Ethics, Emory University; Doran Fink, Food and Drug Administration; Sandra Fryhofer, American Medical Association; Jason M. Goldman, American College of Physicians; Michael Hogue, American Pharmacists Association; Denise Jamieson, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Jeffery Kelman, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; David Kim, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Susan Lett, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists; Kendra McMillan, American Nurses Association; Kathleen Neuzil, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine; Sean OLeary, American Academy of Pediatrics; Christine Oshansky, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority; Stanley Perlman, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa; Marcus Plescia, Association of State and Territorial Health Officials; Chris Roberts, National Institutes of Health; William Schaffner, National Foundation for Infectious Diseases; Kenneth Schmader, American Geriatrics Society; Bryan Schumacher, Department of Defense; Rob Schechter, Association of Immunization Managers; Jonathan Temte, American Academy of Family Physicians; Peter Szilagyi, University of California, Los Angeles; Matthew Tunis, National Advisory Committee on Immunization Secretariat, Public Health Agency of Canada; Thomas Weiser, Indian Health Service; Matt Zahn, National Association of County and City Health Officials; Rachel Zhang, Food and Drug Administration. Researchers Identify Four Long COVID Categories. Severe myocarditis can cause long-lasting heart damage or even death. Myocarditis. A small number of myocarditis and pericarditis cases have been reported for booster doses. Some people may have minimal or no symptoms. OR, infants and children aged <12 years might instead have 2 of the following symptoms: troponin level above upper limit of normal (any type of troponin), Histopathologic confirmation of myocarditis, abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) or rhythm monitoring findings consistent with myocarditis, abnormal cardiac function or wall motion abnormalities on echocardiogram, cMRI findings consistent with myocarditis, No other identifiable cause of the symptoms and findings. Descriptive study of reports of myocarditis to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) that occurred after mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine administration between December 2020 and August 2021 in 192 405 448 individuals older than 12 years of age in the US; data were processed by VAERS as of September 30, 2021. Unfortunately, inflammation in the heart muscle can lead to serious complications, including heart failure, shock, or death. Design, setting, and participants: Patone, M., Mei, X. W., Handunnetthi, L., Dixon, S., Zaccardi, F., Shankar-Hari, M., Watkinson, P., Khunti, K., Harnden, A., Coupland, C., Channon, K. M., Mills, N. L., Sheikh, A., & Hippisley-Cox, J. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to Informed by early reports, CDC prioritized rapid review of myocarditis in persons aged <30 years reported during May 1June 11, 2021; the 484 patient records in this subset were evaluated by physicians at CDC, and several reports were also reviewed with Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Project investigators, including cardiologists. The rates of myocarditis were highest after the second vaccination dose in adolescent males aged 12 to 15 years (70.7 per million doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine), in adolescent males aged 16 to 17 years (105.9 per million doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine), and in young men aged 18 to 24 years (52.4 and 56.3 per million doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine We take your privacy seriously. It affects fewer than 20 people per 1,000,000 COVID-19 vaccinations.3,5,7 Only the mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) have been linked with myocarditis. Per million second doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine administered to males aged 1229 years, 11,000 COVID-19 cases, 560 hospitalizations, 138 ICU admissions, and six deaths due to COVID-19 could be prevented, compared with 3947 expected myocarditis cases after COVID-19 vaccination (Table 2).

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